Sebelum Mencicipi Kopi Luwak dan Gajah, Perhatikan Fakta Penting Ini

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GOLDEN TRIANGLE, THAILAND - DECEMBER 10: Miki Giles from Hong Kong tastes the Black Ivory Coffee at breakfast as Meena, a 6 year old baby elephant, gets curious at the Anantara Golden Triangle resort December 10, 2012 in Golden Triangle, northern Thailand. Black Ivory Coffee, started by Canadian coffee expert Blake Dinkin, is made from Thai arabica hand picked beans. The coffee is created from a process whereby coffee beans are naturally refined by a Thai elephant. It takes about 15-30 hours for the elephant to digest the beans, and later they are plucked from their dung and washed and roasted. Approximately 10,000 beans are picked to produce 1kg of roasted coffee. At USD 1,100 per kilogram or USD 500 per pound, the cost per serving of the elephant coffee equals USD 50, making the exotic new brew the world's priciest. It takes 33 kilograms of raw coffee cherries to produce 1 kilo of Black Ivory Coffee. (Photo by Paula Bronstein/Getty Images)

Kopi kini menjadi minuman populer di berbagai negara di dunia. Beragam jenis kopi diperkenalkan dengan keunikan aroma dan ciatarasa. Namun, ada juga jenis kopi yang berasal dari perut hewan dan keluar sebagai kotoran dijual dengan harga mahal. ​

Para pencinta kopi ​ada yang antusias mencicipi tetapi ada pula yang jijik. ​Banyak yang merasa kopi tersebut tidak higienis dan berbahaya untuk tubuh. Padahal, salah satu kopi yang berasal dari kotoran hewan seperti luwak, misalnya, telah menjadi salah satu kopi dengan harga termahal di dunia. ​ Jika tertarik mencicipi, ada baiknya perhatikan beberapa hal penting ini.​

  1. Kopi gajah

GOLDEN TRIANGLE, THAILAND - DECEMBER 10: Coffee beans picked from elephant dung are held at an elephant camp at the Anantara Golden Triangle resort December 10, 2012 in Golden Triangle, northern Thailand. Black Ivory Coffee, started by Canadian coffee expert Blake Dinkin, is made from Thai arabica hand picked beans. The coffee is created from a process whereby coffee beans are naturally refined by a Thai elephant. It takes about 15-30 hours for the elephant to digest the beans, and later they are plucked from their dung and washed and roasted. Approximately 10,000 beans are picked to produce 1kg of roasted coffee. At USD 1,100 per kilogram or USD 500 per pound, the cost per serving of the elephant coffee equals USD 50, making the exotic new brew the world's priciest. It takes 33 kilograms of raw coffee cherries to produce 1 kilo of Black Ivory Coffee. (Photo by Paula Bronstein/Getty Images)

Selain luwak, di Thailand ada kopi yang berasal dari kotoran gajah. Mereka sengaja​ memberi pakan biji​ kopi pada gajah agar kopi tersebut bisa ​dicerna dan dikeluarkan sebagai kotoran​. Alasan​nya karena gajah hewan ​vegetarian yang bisa mencerna segala jenis rumput dan tanaman. Pencernaan gajah bisa memfermentasikan ​apa saja​. ​Rasa​ manis ​biji kopi akan dikeluarkan sedangkan rasa pahit akan terbuang dengan alami.

  1. Kopi Luwak

KEDIRI, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA - 2012/08/09: Picture of an Asian Palm Civet (Luwak) on a ranch at the Luwak Mas coffee factory in Pranggang Village. The production of Luwak Coffee or Civet Coffee has been denounced by animal activists and the media, yet production of the worlds most expensive coffee continues in Indonesia unabated. Civet coffee is made by feeding captive Asian palm civets coffee berries; the flesh of the berries is digested and the coffee beans excreted. The beans are extracted from the droppings and processed into a coffee that aficionados believe has a distinctive flavour. Every month foreign tourists visit to watch the production process and to taste the coffee. The civets live in narrow cages and are forced to eat an unnatural diet made up almost exclusively of coffee berries. The mammal's digestion process gives the famed flavour. According to the World Society for the Protection of Animals (WSPA) the true cost of the world's most expensive coffee can be seen in the thousands of palm civets being poached from the wild, kept in inhumane, conditions or farmed to meet the growing demand for the coffee. (Photo by Arief Priyono/LightRocket via Getty Images)

Sebenarnya, apa yang membuat manusia berpikir untuk menikmati kopi dari kotoran ​luwak​? Kabarnya, para pekerja​ kebun kopi​ ​yang menemukan.​ Para pekerja ini dilarang untuk mengambil biji kopi yang ada di perkebunan. Namun karena ingin men​cicipi ​rasa kopi, mereka akhirnya mengambil ampas kopi dari kotoran luwak yang memakan biji kopi matang di perkebunan. Mereka pun mencuci biji kopi in​i, menyangrai, menumbuk dan menyeduhnya.​ Ternyata, rasa dari kopi tersebut sangatlah tidak terduga. ​Ki​ni, kopi luwak adalah salah satu kopi termahal di dunia karena aroma dan rasanya ​unik.​

  1. Mahal

VANCOUVER, CANADA - SEPTEMBER 12: Urban Fare store manager Leanne Ring displays a package of Kopi Luwak coffee September 12, 2002 in Vancouver, Canada. The world's rarest and most exotically produced coffee went on sale here today. Only 500 pounds of the coffee, which sells for $150.00 Canadian per 1/4 pound, is made each year. It all starts with a tree-dwelling cat called a luwak (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus). The rare cat, which lives lives in the coffee (kopi) plantations on the Indonesian islands of Java, Sumatra, and Sulawesi, eat the coffee beans. Unable to digest the beans, they pass through the cat, ending up on the jungle floor where they are collected, cleaned and roasted by the locals. The stomach acids and enzymatic action in the cat's stomach ferment the beans. "Earthy, musty notes with hints of baker's chocolate are present in its caramelly flavor profile," according to a press release. (Photo by Don MacKinnon/Getty Images)

Harga s​ecangkir​ kopi luwak saja berkisar ​Rp. ​344.000 rupiah -​ Rp.​ 1.400.000 di New York dan London. Sementara, Black Ivory Coffee, yaitu kopi dari kotoran gajah ini dihargai ​Rp. ​670.000 rupiah pe​r cangkir​. Kopi dari kotoran gajah ini semakin sulit ditemui karena sulitnya menghasilkan​ kopi jenis ini.

  1. Penangkaran buatan

Kopi luwak or civet coffee, the world's most expensive and low-production coffee variety, made from coffee beans that have been eaten by the Asian palm civet, Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, and other civets, then passed undigested through their digestive tracts, after gathering, thorough washing, sun drying, light roasting and brewing, the beans yield an aromatic coffee with minimal bitterness, Bali, Indonesia (Photo by: Auscape/UIG via Getty Images)

Tingginya permintaan kopi luwak di Indonesia membuat banyak orang berlomba-lomba mengais rejeki dari binatang seperti musang ini. Banyak yang ​menangkarkan ​hewan ini dan memberinya makan ​biji kopi​. Kandang-kandang tersebut sebelumnya sudah disiapkan wadah di bawahnya untuk menampung kotorannya. Cara ini memang akan menghasilkan kopi hingga produksi maksimal, namun tidak bagi kesehatan luwak. Luwak akan dipaksa memakan kopi petikan manusia yang belum tentu semuanya matang sempurna dan dalam keadaan baik. | ferd

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